30 Substring with Concatenation of All Words
You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices of substring(s) in s that is a concatenation of each word in words exactly once and without any intervening characters.
For example, given:
s: "barfoothefoobarman"
words: ["foo", "bar"]
You should return the indices: [0,9].
(order does not matter).
The Idea: The following is a brute force procedure. First I conclude the size of the complete substring I should expect. Call is
cmpl_s. Since all the words are the same length, and I know the amount - I can determine this. Then iterating through s, I take each cmpl_s and split it into equal size chunks. Finally, I confirm that all of these words exists within the word set uniquely. If so, the index i within the first level for loop gets recorded into the returning vector.Complexity: O(N^2) time, O(N) space
unordered_map<string, int> getWordFreq(const vector<string> &words) {
unordered_map<string, int> word_freq;
word_freq.reserve(words.size());
for (const string &s : words) {
if (word_freq.find(s) != word_freq.end())
word_freq[s]++;
else word_freq.insert({ s, 1 });
}
return word_freq;
}
vector<int> findSubstring(string s, vector<string>& words) {
vector<int> substringSeq;
if (words.empty()) return substringSeq;
const size_t word_length = words.at(0).length();
unordered_map<string, int> word_freq = getWordFreq(words);
unordered_map<string, int> word_freq_cp = word_freq;
const int total_word_dist = words.size() * word_length;
const int end = s.length() - total_word_dist + 1;
for (int i = 0; i < end; i++) {
string cmplt_words = s.substr(i, total_word_dist);
for (int j = 0; j < total_word_dist; j += word_length) {
string cur_word = cmplt_words.substr(j, word_length);
if (word_freq_cp.find(cur_word) == word_freq_cp.end())
break;
else {
word_freq_cp[cur_word]--;
if (word_freq_cp[cur_word] == 0)
word_freq_cp.erase(cur_word);
}
}
if (word_freq_cp.empty())
substringSeq.push_back(i);
word_freq_cp = word_freq;
}
return substringSeq;
}
Testing
int main()
{
// . .
string s1 = "barfoothefoobarman";
vector<string> words1 = {"foo", "bar" };
print(findSubstring(s1, words1));
// . .
string s2 = "barfoobarfoo";
vector<string> words2 = { "foo", "bar" };
print(findSubstring(s2, words2));
// 0123456789012345678901234567890123456789
// . . . .
string s3 = "fooybarmanfoobarmanfoobarbarfoooofoobarr";
vector<string> words3 = { "foo", "bar" };
print(findSubstring(s3, words3));
// 012345678901234567890123
// . . .
string s4 = "barfoofoobarthefoobarman";
vector<string> words4 = { "foo", "bar", "the" };
print(findSubstring(s4, words4));
// 012345678901234567890123
// .
string s5 = "wordgoodgoodgoodbestword";
vector<string> words5 = { "word","good","best","good" };
print(findSubstring(s5, words5));
}
Last modified 3yr ago